Ecosystem-based approaches to adaptation and mitigation – good practice examples and lessons learned in Europe

This report of the German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BFN) documents and analyses good practice examples of ecosystem-based approaches to climate change mitigation and adaptation in Europe. Ecosystem-based approaches to mitigation (EBM) are defined as the use of ecosystems for their carbon storage and sequestration service to aid climate change mitigation. Ecosystem-based approaches to adaptation (EBA) are defined as the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services as part of an overall adaptation strategy to help people adapt to the adverse effects of climate change; these approaches may include sustainable management, conservation and restoration of ecosystems, as part of an overall adaptation strategy that takes into account the multiple social, economic and cultural co-benefits for local communities.